Choose a Unit and Select a Standard: NNature of ScienceNNature of ScienceDefine a problem from the seventh grade curriculum, use appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigation of various types, such as systematic observations or experiments, identify variables, collect and organize data, interpret data in charts, tables, and graphics, analyze information, make predictions, and defend conclusions.N.1.1Identify test variables (independent variables) and outcome variables (dependent variables) in an experiment.N.1.4Explain that scientific knowledge is the result of a great deal of debate and confirmation within the science community.N.1.7Identify the benefits and limitations of the use of scientific models.N.3.2 Differentiate replication (by others) from repetition (multiple trials).N.1.2Describe the methods used in the pursuit of a scientific explanation as seen in different fields of science such as biology, geology, and physics.N.1.5Identify an instance from the history of science in which scientific knowledge has changed when new evidence or new interpretations are encountered.N.2.1 Distinguish between an experiment (which must involve the identification and control of variables) and other forms of scientific investigation and explain that not all scientific knowledge is derived from experimentation.N.1.3Explain that empirical evidence is the cumulative body of observations of a natural phenomenon on which scientific explanations are based.N.1.6Recognize and explain the difference between theories and laws and give several examples of scientific theories and the evidence that supports them.N.3.1 EEarth and Space ScienceEEarth and Space ScienceDescribe the layers of the solid Earth, including the lithosphere, the hot convecting mantle, and the dense metallic liquid and solid cores.E.6.1Explain and give examples of how physical evidence supports scientific theories that Earth has evolved over geologic time due to natural processes.E.6.4Recognize that heat flow and movement of material within Earth causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, and creates mountains and ocean basins.E.6.7 Identify the patterns within the rock cycle and relate them to surface events (weathering and erosion) and sub-surface events (plate tectonics and mountain building).E.6.2Explore the scientific theory of plate tectonics by describing how the movement of Earth's crustal plates causes both slow and rapid changes in Earth's surface, including volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and mountain building.E.6.5 Identify current methods for measuring the age of Earth and its parts, including the law of superposition and radioactive dating.E.6.3Identify the impact that humans have had on Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, air and water quality, changing the flow of water.E.6.6 LLife ScienceLLife ScienceRecognize that fossil evidence is consistent with the scientific theory of evolution that living things evolved from earlier species.L.15.1Understand and explain that every organism requires a set of instructions that specifies its traits, that this hereditary information (DNA) contains genes located in the chromosomes of each cell, and that heredity is the passage of these instructions from one generation to another.L.16.1Recognize and explore the impact of biotechnology (cloning, genetic engineering, artificial selection) on the individual, society and the environment.L.16.4Describe and investigate various limiting factors in the local ecosystem and their impact on native populations, including food, shelter, water, space, disease, parasitism, predation, and nesting sites.L.17.3 Explore the scientific theory of evolution by recognizing and explaining ways in which genetic variation and environmental factors contribute to evolution by natural selection and diversity of organisms.L.15.2Compare and contrast the relationships among organisms such as mutualism, predation, parasitism, competition, and commensalism.L.16.2Explain and illustrate the roles of and relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers in the process of energy transfer in a food web.L.17.1 Explore the scientific theory of evolution by relating how the inability of a species to adapt within a changing environment may contribute to the extinction of that species.L.15.3Compare and contrast the general processes of sexual reproduction requiring meiosis and asexual reproduction requiring mitosis.L.16.3Compare and contrast the relationships among organisms such as mutualism, predation, parasitism, competition, and commensalism.L.17.2 PPhysical SciencePPhysical ScienceIllustrate that the sun's energy arrives as radiation with a wide range of wavelengths, including infrared, visible, and ultraviolet, and that white light is made up of a spectrum of many different colors.P.10.1Recognize that adding heat to or removing heat from a system may result in a temperature change and possibly a change of state.P.11.1Observe and describe that heat flows in predictable ways, moving from warmer objects to cooler ones until they reach the same temperature.P.11.4 Observe and explain that light can be reflected, refracted, and/or absorbed.P.10.2Investigate and describe the transformation of energy from one form to another.P.11.2 Recognize that light waves, sound waves, and other waves move at different speeds in different materials.P.10.3Cite evidence to explain that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only changed from one form to another.P.11.3